java.android.best-practice.network-security-config.nsc-allows-plaintext-traffic

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The Network Security Config is set to allow non-encrypted connections. Evaluate if this is necessary for your app, and disable it if appropriate. (To hide this warning, set xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" tools:ignore="InsecureBaseConfiguration" as parameters to your <network-security-config>)

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rules:
  - id: nsc-allows-plaintext-traffic
    languages:
      - generic
    message: The Network Security Config is set to allow non-encrypted connections.
      Evaluate if this is necessary for your app, and disable it if appropriate.
      (To hide this warning, set `xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
      tools:ignore="InsecureBaseConfiguration"` as parameters to your
      `<network-security-config>`)
    metadata:
      category: best-practice
      license: Commons Clause License Condition v1.0[LGPL-2.1-only]
      technology:
        - android
      references:
        - https://developer.android.com/training/articles/security-config
        - https://www.nowsecure.com/blog/2018/08/15/a-security-analysts-guide-to-network-security-configuration-in-android-p/
    patterns:
      - pattern: |
          <base-config ... cleartextTrafficPermitted="true" ... >
      - pattern-not-inside: |
          <!-- ... -->
      - pattern-not-inside: >
          <network-security-config ... InsecureBaseConfiguration ... >... ...
          ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... </network-security-config>
    severity: INFO
    paths:
      include:
        - "*.xml"

Examples

network-security-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<network-security-config>
    <!-- ruleid: nsc-allows-plaintext-traffic -->
    <base-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true">
    </base-config>

    <domain-config>
        <domain includeSubdomains="true">localhost</domain>
        <trust-anchors>
            <!-- Trust a debug certificate in addition to the system certificates -->
            <certificates src="system" />
            <certificates src="@raw/debug_certificate" />
        </trust-anchors>
    </domain-config>

</network-security-config>

<network-security-config>
    <!-- ok: nsc-allows-plaintext-traffic -->
    <!-- <base-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true"> -->
    <!-- ok: nsc-allows-plaintext-traffic -->
    <base-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="false">
    </base-config>

    <domain-config>
        <domain includeSubdomains="true">localhost</domain>
        <trust-anchors>
            <!-- Trust a debug certificate in addition to the system certificates -->
            <certificates src="system" />
            <certificates src="@raw/debug_certificate" />
        </trust-anchors>
    </domain-config>

</network-security-config>

<network-security-config>
    <!-- ok: nsc-allows-plaintext-traffic -->
    <base-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="false">
    </base-config>

    <domain-config>
        <domain includeSubdomains="true">localhost</domain>
        <trust-anchors>
            <!-- Trust a debug certificate in addition to the system certificates -->
            <certificates src="system" />
            <certificates src="@raw/debug_certificate" />
        </trust-anchors>
    </domain-config>
</network-security-config>

<network-security-config xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" tools:ignore="InsecureBaseConfiguration,AcceptsUserCertificates">
    <!-- ok: nsc-allows-plaintext-traffic -->
    <base-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true">
            <!-- Trust system and user certificates -->
            <certificates src="system" />
            <!-- ok: nsc-allows-user-ca-certs -->
            <certificates src="user" />
    </base-config>

    <domain-config>
        <domain includeSubdomains="true">localhost</domain>
        <trust-anchors>
            <!-- Trust a debug certificate in addition to the system certificates -->
            <certificates src="system" />
            <!-- ok: nsc-allows-user-ca-certs-for-domain -->
            <certificates src="user" />
            <certificates src="@raw/debug_certificate" />
        </trust-anchors>
    </domain-config>
</network-security-config>

<network-security-config xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" tools:ignore="InsecureBaseConfiguration">
    <!-- ok: nsc-allows-plaintext-traffic -->
    <base-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true">
            <!-- Trust system and user certificates -->
            <certificates src="system" />
            <!-- ruleid: nsc-allows-user-ca-certs -->
            <certificates src="user" />
    </base-config>

    <domain-config>
        <domain includeSubdomains="true">localhost</domain>
        <trust-anchors>
            <!-- Trust a debug certificate in addition to the system certificates -->
            <certificates src="system" />
            <!-- ruleid: nsc-allows-user-ca-certs-for-domain -->
            <certificates src="user" />
            <certificates src="@raw/debug_certificate" />
        </trust-anchors>
    </domain-config>
</network-security-config>

<network-security-config>
    <domain-config>
        <domain includeSubdomains="true">example.com</domain>
        <!-- ok: nsc-pinning-without-expiration -->
        <pin-set expiration="2018-01-01">
            <!-- ruleid: nsc-pinning-without-backup -->
            <pin digest="SHA-256">7HIpactkIAq2Y49orFOOQKurWxmmSFZhBCoQYcRhJ3Y=</pin>
        </pin-set>
    </domain-config>
</network-security-config>

<network-security-config>
    <domain-config>
        <domain includeSubdomains="true">example.com</domain>
        <!-- ok: nsc-pinning-without-expiration -->
        <pin-set expiration="2018-01-01">
            <!-- ok: nsc-pinning-without-backup -->
            <pin digest="SHA-256">7HIpactkIAq2Y49orFOOQKurWxmmSFZhBCoQYcRhJ3Y=</pin>
            <!-- backup pin -->
            <pin digest="SHA-256">fwza0LRMXouZHRC8Ei+4PyuldPDcf3UKgO/04cDM1oE=</pin>
        </pin-set>
    </domain-config>
</network-security-config>


<network-security-config>
    <domain-config>
        <domain includeSubdomains="true">example.com</domain>
        <!-- ruleid: nsc-pinning-without-expiration -->
        <pin-set>
            <!-- ok: nsc-pinning-without-backup -->
            <pin digest="SHA-256">7HIpactkIAq2Y49orFOOQKurWxmmSFZhBCoQYcRhJ3Y=</pin>
            <!-- backup pin -->
            <pin digest="SHA-256">fwza0LRMXouZHRC8Ei+4PyuldPDcf3UKgO/04cDM1oE=</pin>
        </pin-set>
    </domain-config>
</network-security-config>

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